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How to prune trees in winter: simple rules for a better harvest

Elena BylimNews

Winter tree pruning is an important step in garden maintenance that can significantly affect the health of trees, their development, and yield in the next season. However, not all gardeners know how to properly prune during the cold season so as not to harm the plants.

Winter pruning has both advantages and disadvantages, so you should be careful and follow the right recommendations. Horticultural experts spoke about this, emphasizing that it is important to understand when and how to prune trees so as not to damage them.

To keep trees healthy, it is necessary to take into account temperature conditions and choose the right time for pruning. In this article, we'll look at the basic rules and mistakes to avoid.

When to prune trees in winter

Winter pruning has several key benefits for gardeners. Firstly, it significantly reduces the risk of pests and pathogens, as these microorganisms are less active in winter. Second, the absence of leaves allows you to see all the branches of the tree, which simplifies the pruning process. It also helps to assess the condition of the plant and remove only unnecessary or damaged branches. In addition, the healing of the cuts is faster when the temperature rises, which ensures healthy growth and development of the tree in the spring.

On the other hand, winter pruning has some disadvantages. Cold temperatures can make the job more difficult, especially if snow or severe frost interferes with tree processing. The greatest danger to plants occurs when the temperature drops below -5°C. In such conditions, pruning can be harmful to trees, as severe frost causes the sap in the trunk and branches to freeze.

When is the best time to prune trees

The main period for winter pruning is the end of January and February. At this time, trees are dormant, and pruning contributes to their better development. For some types of trees, such as apple and pear trees, the period from December to January is ideal for pruning. It is important to remember that trees should be pruned in moderate temperatures to avoid damage. Therefore, it is best to choose sunny days when the temperature does not drop below -5°C.

When not to prune trees

Particular attention should be paid to the types of trees that are suitable for winter pruning. For example, apple trees, pears, and frost-resistant varieties of cherries and plums can be pruned until December and January. February and early March are the most suitable time to prune cherries, apricots, peaches, and quince. However, some plants should not be pruned in winter. These are young fruit trees, as well as peaches, nectarines, grapes, and berry bushes. It is also not recommended to prune trees where you plan to remove large parts of the trunk or skeletal branches.

Following the basic rules of winter pruning will help avoid damage to plants. Only mature fruit trees should be pruned, while young trees and weakened plants should be pruned in late winter or spring. It is important to use only sharp tools, such as secateurs or saws, for clean and even cuts. Remember to disinfect your tools before you start to prevent the spread of disease. You should also remove branches that grow inside the crown and do not cut more than 30% of the branches at a time.

The last step is to protect the cuts with garden wax, which will help avoid damage and protect the tree from possible infections. This is especially important when pruning large branches, as garden varnish ensures rapid wound healing. The right approach to winter pruning will not only improve the appearance of trees but also help to achieve better results in their development and yield.

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